This waterless solution contains a 2% concentration of an advanced active retinoid complex called Granactive Retinoid, which has been shown to offer better results against the multiple signs of aging than retinol, without the usual irritation and disadvantages of retinol. Granactive Retinoid, an active technology from Grant Industries, is a solubilized system of hydroxypinacolone retinate, a very advanced form of retinoid, which is actually an over-the-counter ester of direct all-trans retinoic acid, which offers a much better anti-aging effect than retinol, retinyl palmitate and almost all other forms of retinoid available without a prescription.